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How to install Apptainer ?
This tutorial summarizes how to install the container management software Apptainer. It is largely based on official installation instructions, and one should read these more exhaustive ressources for more details.
Apptainer works on any modern Linux distribution ; however, it is not compatible with Windows and MacOS host kernels and does not run natively on those. It is recommended to use virtualization solutions or a Docker container in such cases, which will not be covered in this topic : see more information here.
Finally, this tutorial focuses on currently supported versions: if you are using a Linux distribution version that is no longer supported (for example, CentOS 7 or Ubuntu 18.04) and you encounter a difficult-to-resolve error, do not hesitate to contact us!
Install Ubuntu packages
One liner command
You can run the following commands to directly install Ubuntu packages :
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:apptainer/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y apptainerStep-by-step detail
To install pre-built Ubuntu packages for amd64 and arm64 architectures, one needs to access Apptainer’s personal package archive (PPA).
First, run this to ensure access to the add-apt-repository command :
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y software-properties-common # Mandatory to be able to run next command
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:apptainer/ppaThen, finish the installation using :
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y apptainerInstall Debian packages
One liner command
You can run the following commands to directly install Debian packages :
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y wget
cd /tmp
wget https://github.com/apptainer/apptainer/releases/download/v1.2.5/apptainer_1.2.5_amd64.deb
sudo apt install -y ./apptainer_1.2.5_amd64.debStep-by-step detail
To install pre-built Debian packages only for amd64 architectures, one needs to access Apptainer’s GitHub repository using wget :
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y wgetOnce wget is available, the .deb package can be downloaded and installed locally :
cd /tmp
wget https://github.com/apptainer/apptainer/releases/download/v1.2.5/apptainer_1.2.5_amd64.deb
sudo apt install -y ./apptainer_1.2.5_amd64.debInstallation for RedHat, Fedora, CentOS
RPM packages from GitHub
With each new version release, a RPM (RedHat Package Manager) package is available on GitHub :
sudo yum install -y https://github.com/apptainer/apptainer/releases/download/v1.2.5/apptainer-1.2.5-1.x86_64.rpmRPM packages from EPEL or Fedora
RPM packages are also available through EPEL (Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux). Using RedHat, one first has to gain access to EPEL repositories :
sudo yum install -y epel-releaseFrom here, use the following to install the package :
sudo yum install -y apptainerInstall without superuser privileges
For non-privileged users, a script is made available to install pre-built binaries together with several utilities mandatory to run Apptainer. The script works for Red Hat Enterprise Linux-derived systems, and also for Fedora, SUSE/OpenSUSE, Debian, and Ubuntu. It is however required to have access to curl rpm2cpio and cpio through the $PATH environment variable).
One can run the script using :
curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/apptainer/apptainer/main/tools/install-unprivileged.sh | \
bash -s - install-dirPlease note the global apptainer command will not be available with this installation, and it is required to call the executable using install-dir/bin/apptainer. We suggest to create an apptainer alias pointing to this executable in ~/.bashrc or ~/.bash_aliases.
Install on Windows/MacOS
For Windows user, a dedicated documentation page can be found here.
For Mac users, it is recommended to use Lima via Homebrew on the Apptainer documentation.